The Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW), located within the National Institutes of Health (a federal agency), has oversight responsibilities for every experiment on animals using certain government funding, specifically grants or contracts from:
• The Public Health Service, which includes NIH, FDA, and CDC
• National Science Foundation
• Department of Veterans Affairs
• National Aeronautics and Space Administration
OLAW's jurisdiction applies only to experiments funded by the above entities. However, for the experiments it does regulate, OLAW oversees all animals, including fish, birds, and lab mice (this is in contrast to APHIS, the other main federal agency overseeing animal experimentation).
Specifically, OLAW enforces the Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (PHS Policy), which includes the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and the American Veterinary Medical Association's Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals.